Estoppel

Definition

Estoppel is the legal doctrine that prevents a person from contradicting their own previous statements, representations, or behaviors if such contradictions would unfairly affect another party who relied on the original representations.

Purpose

The purpose of Estoppel is to ensure fairness and consistency in legal proceedings by holding individuals accountable to their prior statements or actions. It prevents a party from taking a position in a legal matter that is contrary to their previous claims or conduct, thereby protecting the interests of those who have relied on those initial representations.

Examples of Use

• Contract Disputes: Preventing a party from denying the terms of a contract they previously acknowledged and accepted.
• Real Estate Transactions: Stopping a property owner from asserting property rights that contradict earlier assurances made to a buyer or tenant.
• Insurance Claims: Ensuring an insurance company cannot deny coverage based on facts it previously accepted and acted upon.

Related Terms

• Reliance: Dependence on the truth of a statement or promise.
• Representation: A statement or assertion made to convey a particular fact or intention.
• Waiver: The voluntary relinquishment of a known right, which can prevent a party from later asserting that right.

Notes

• Estoppel can apply in various legal contexts, including contractual disputes, property law, and family law.
• There are different types of estoppel, such as promissory estoppel and equitable estoppel, each with specific applications and requirements.