Arrester, Lightning

Definition

A lightning arrester is a device connected to an electrical system designed to protect the system from lightning strikes and voltage surges. It diverts the surge safely to the ground, preventing damage to electrical components and equipment.

Purpose

The purpose of a lightning arrester is to:

• Protect electrical systems and equipment from the high-voltage surges caused by lightning strikes.
• Prevent electrical fires and other hazards resulting from excessive voltage.
• Maintain the reliability and longevity of electrical infrastructure by mitigating the impact of voltage spikes.
• Ensure the safety of people and property by reducing the risk of electrical damage during thunderstorms.

Examples of Use

1. Residential Buildings:
   • Installed on rooftops or near electrical panels to protect home electrical systems and appliances from lightning-induced voltage spikes.
   • Used in conjunction with surge protectors to provide comprehensive protection for household electronics.
2. Commercial and Industrial Facilities:
   • Applied in factories, warehouses, and office buildings to safeguard critical electrical equipment and ensure uninterrupted operation.
   • Essential for protecting sensitive machinery, computers, and communication systems from damage due to lightning surges.
3. Power Transmission and Distribution:
   • Mounted on power poles and substations to protect the electrical grid from lightning strikes and surges.
   • Helps prevent widespread power outages and damage to transformers and other key infrastructure components.
4. Telecommunication Towers:
   • Installed on communication towers to protect transmission equipment and ensure consistent signal quality and operation.
   • Prevents downtime and costly repairs associated with lightning damage to telecom infrastructure.

Related Terms

1. Surge Protector: A device that shields electronic devices from voltage spikes, often used in conjunction with lightning arresters.
2. Grounding System: An electrical system that provides a path for excess electrical current to dissipate safely into the earth.
3. Transient Voltage Surge Suppressor (TVSS): A device designed to protect against transient voltage spikes and surges.
4. Circuit Breaker: An automatic electrical switch that protects an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit.
5. Insulator: A material or device that prevents the unintended flow of electrical current, often used in conjunction with arresters.

Notes

• Lightning arresters must be properly installed and grounded to ensure they function effectively and safely.
• Regular maintenance and inspections are crucial to ensure the arrester remains in good working condition and continues to provide protection.
• Lightning arresters are part of a broader system of surge protection that includes proper grounding, surge protectors, and circuit breakers.
• Different types of lightning arresters are available, including rod-type, horn-gap, and metal-oxide varistor (MOV) types, each suitable for specific applications and voltage levels.