Foundation

Definition

The foundation is the portion of a building that transmits structural loads from the building into the earth, supporting the superstructure.

Purpose

The purpose of a foundation is to distribute the weight of the building evenly across the ground, preventing settlement or shifting, and providing a stable base for the entire structure.

Examples of Use

• Residential homes typically have foundations made of poured concrete or concrete blocks, providing a stable base for the structure.
• High-rise buildings and industrial structures often use deep foundations, such as piles or drilled shafts, to reach stable soil or bedrock.

Related Terms

• Footing: The widened base of a foundation that spreads the load across a broader area of soil.
• Slab-on-Grade: A type of foundation where a concrete slab is poured directly on the ground, serving as both the floor and the foundation.
• Pier Foundation: A type of foundation consisting of vertical pillars that support the building above the ground, often used in areas with unstable soil.

Notes

Foundations must be designed and constructed based on the specific soil conditions and load requirements of the building. Proper foundation design is critical to the longevity and safety of any structure.